Unit+4

__A) The United States in World War I__
Make sure the focus of your info is __the involvement of the United States in WWI__? You can start with: when was WWI? Where was it? Why did the U.S. get involved? What were the steps that led the U.S. to declare war (be specific!)? []


 * **The U.S. joined the WWI in April 1917**
 * **Most of the War took place in Europe, not in the U.S.- A lot of fighting took place in __France, Germany__, Austria-Hungary, and Great Britain**
 * **In France, America fired their first shot in Trench Warfare**
 * **WWI began in June 28,1914 and ended in November 1918**

__﻿Video on WWI Firsts:__

 * Flame throwers
 * Steel helmets
 * Use of tanks(U.S. with less than 100)
 * Fleets of fighting aircraft
 * Aircraft carriers
 * Chemical warfare
 * Gas masks
 * Guide dogs
 * X-ray machines
 * Established blood bank
 * Enlisted women in the Navy Yeomanettes
 * American soldiers were given IQ tests
 * Presidental trip to Europe
 * Where Woodrow Wilson attended the Paris peace conference
 * Only war to be commonly called "The war to end all wars"

[]

2. Explain each of the background causes of WWI and the 1 main spark that started the war:

 * **Imperialism - competition for new land and power led to conflict and dislike**
 * **Nationalism - pride in one's country leads to wanting to prove it is the best**
 * **Militarism - countries were building up their militaries and were ready to use them**
 * **Alliances - countries had set up plans to help each other out in case of war**
 * **__Spark that started the fighting__: the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary by a Serbian...leads to war and many countries declaring war on each other...WORLD WAR I**
 * For 3 years the United States tried to stay out of the war...but joined in 1917

__Overview of WWI:__

 * ====started after the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand in 1914====
 * Central Powers included Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman empire which were against the Allied Powered which included Great Britain, France, Russia, Italy and Japan
 * In 1917, the U.S. joined the Allied Powers
 * Because of the Trench Warfare and new weapons, it caused many deaths
 * The war ended in November 1918 with the Allied Power defeating the Central Powers
 * more than 9million deaths and 21 million more wounded
 * in 1919, the treaty of versaillies was signed to end war
 * it included new borders for Europe to the Middle East and peace
 * Germany lost territory
 * the cause by WWI led the rise of Nazi leader Adolf Hilter and a Second war WWII

__﻿C)Trench Warfare and the New Weaponry of WWI:__
======== ====**1) Trench Warfare**: Trenches were Like tunnels or like a ditch without a top covering, which the troops stayed for a sort of sheltering. it is dug in deep in the ground and long and not that wide. Trench Warfares were when the troops were fighting form the trench to get away from the powerful weapons.====

====__**﻿2) Summary:**__ During the war there were trenches made so that the troops that were fighting could get away from the powerful weapons. This was called Trench Warfare. Trenches were basically tunnel without tops covering and dug deep in the ground. The troops staying in the trenches faced a lot of diseases and rodents such as rats, lice,etc. The lice caused Trench Fever because it caused pain and fevers.====

**3) Explanation of New Weapons and How it related to the use of Trench warfare:**
The new weapons relates to the use of trench warfares because with the new weapons the troops were able to move in new positions during the war.
 * the machine guns were used to kill people miles away
 * about 15 shots could be shot in a minute with the riffle
 * zeppelins were for carrying machine guns and there bombs to bomb the enemy
 * tanks were used to go across trenches and they wouldnt get shot at
 * the used chlorine gas to makes peoples throat burn
 * mustard was for bombing inside the trenches, which made them die slowly

D). Unit IV Objectives: By the end of this unit I will be able to:

 * Explain the start of World War I in Europe.
 * Identify and explain the steps that led The United States into World War I.
 * Describe the impact of The U.S. on the war.
 * Explain the debate over the peace treaty at the end of the war and the outcomes of the war.
 * Define and explain the essential key terms:
 * neutrality>refusing to take part in a war between other powers
 * isolationism>not participating in economic and political relations
 * unrestricted submarine warfare>done by Germany, not limits in sinking other ships
 * the Lusitania> a ship that was sunk which made a major impact on WWI
 * the Zimmerman Note->
 * trench warfare>
 * propaganda---> information you use to influence people to do something or think something(believe)-- newspapers,
 * the home front>Whats going on at home during the war, at home the U.S. had a draft, tried to get people to back them up, and rationed(limited what people could have) and regulated the food and other items
 * Selective Service Act->
 * Wilson's 14 Points->Wilsons proposal for the peace treaty
 * The Treaty of Versailles> the U.S. congress did not sign it because it gave up too much power
 * Read and mark up a primary source and complete an APPARTS chart.
 * Create a bubbl.us outline of America's involvement in WWI.
 * Write a clear and detailed essay on the role of the United States in World War I.

1. Neutrality & Isolationism

 * Did not agree with them going in and fighting
 * U.S. wanted to stay out of the war, but wanted Britain to win

2. Ties to the Allies
==3. German Unrestricted Submarine Warfare (sinking of the Lusitania and other ships)==
 * In 1917, they were in big trouble
 * Germany made alliance with Mexico, then ask Mexico to attack the U.S.
 * Shoot started at American ships and killing them

4. The Zimmerman Note
[|The Zimmerman Note.doc]
 * Note from Germany to Mexico stating that Mexico attack the U.S.

===Video on U.S. neutrality, then entry into WWI - includes Wilson's reelection, trench warfare, Lusitania, etc.===

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1. **Selective Service Act**--->(draft) passed by the congress May 18, 1918, it was for men to go to WWI at a young age. it was thought of in December, 1916 and after the break in relations with Germany in febuary 1917, it was brought up to President Wilsons attention====== 2. **The War Industries Board**--->used during WWI to cordinate the purchase of war supplies. created by the Council of National Defense in 1917, and Bernard Baruch became head of the board in March of 1918. Unnecessary use of vital items was ended.

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3. **Rationing and Regulations of Fuel & Food**--->introduced to Britain in febuary 1918. Gasoline, petroleum products,sugar,rubber,aluminum, silk,nylon,meat,flour,fruits,wheat,etc.======

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4. **Propaganda**--->ensured that the people only got ot know what their government wanted them to know. newspapers were expected to print out what the government wanted the reader to read.======

5. The role of WOMEN in WWI - what did women do during WWI? What did all of their contributions get them?

 * ====in 1901 to 1908, Army and Navy corps opened doors for women in the military====
 * fill the jobs of the men who went to fight
 * until the U.S. got involved in the war that the government wanted to use women power
 * about 13,000 women enlisted in the Navy and the Marines corp, same status as the men
 * they helped on the battlefields as nurses and drove ambulance vehicles
 * they were part of the air force, mostly deliveries
 * The 19th ammendment was passed for the women, which gave women the right to vote

=__H. The Outcomes of WWI:__=

1. Which side won World War I? Why?

 * The Allied powers won World War I because they had the fresh troops from America helped them
 * the U.S. joined and helped turn the momentum

2. The role of the United States in the world - how did it change?

 * The U.S. became more of a world power because the push of WWI- after WWI the U.S. became the most powerful country in the world.

3. A new map of Europe - what differences are there between the two maps of Europe?

 * The first map showed how the different places were in an alliances/ allied forces and that was when the war started, by the end of WWI there were no more big alliances and some of the countries got their territorie and got there places back, also they became more independent.
 * from the first to the second map ending the war poland became a country, also new countrie were created ( Poland, Latvia,Czechoslovakia, etc.)
 * Austria-Hugary was split into 2 and lost so much land because they were with Germany which they lost and had to give up a lot of land and other things
 * [[image:http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/pathways/firstworldwar/maps/map_images/Europe1914.gif width="302" height="285" caption="1914"]] ||
 * 1914 ||


 * [[image:http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/pathways/firstworldwar/maps/map_images/Europe1918.gif width="316" height="284" caption="1919"]] ||
 * 1919 ||

==4.U.S. President Woodrow Wilson's plan for peace: The Fourteen Points - what were the key details of Wilson's proposal? Use the document below.== [|The 14 Points & Treaty of V chart.doc] ==5. The Treaty of Versailles - what were the key details of the peace treaty that ended WWI? How much of Wilson's plan was adopted? Use the document above.== a) ==6.What did the U.S. Congress do about the Treaty of Versailles? Use the document above.==
 * President Wilson didnt want secret alliances
 * He want people to be able to navigate freely in the seas and to be able to trade with other nations freely
 * He also didnt want one country to have more weapons and equipment than another, only the amount that is needed
 * Resolve problems in a fair manner
 * He wanted Russia to get back their territories
 * He wanted Belgium, France, Italy, Austria-Hungary, etc. to have their own nation and wanted to redraw the map so that the countries will gain their territories
 * He wanted it to be created according to nationality
 * German army was down to 100,000 men and had no tank and heavy artillery (due to the loss) and the navy 15,00 men and couldnt have an air force
 * created new 9 new nations, wnated germany to give back all colonies back to their nations
 * Germany and Austria had to be independent
 * blamed Germany for destruction, losses and everything else
 * Germany had to pay reparations(269 billion gold) marks and was later reduced to 132 billion
 * there were a lot of key points that were adopted from wilson, like the territory changes and some military changes.
 * The U.S. Congress chose not to sign the treaty
 * they didnt join the league of nations


 * Wilson soon died after being being very sick traveling the country convincing people to support the treaty

==7. Should World War I be called a "splendid little war" like the Spanish-American War? If not, why not? And, what should it be called?==
 * it shouldnt be called a splended little war like the Spanish-american war because WWI was not really a short war it lasted a couple of years and not a couple of months like the Spanish-American War.

8. How did WWI and the Treaty of Versailles lead to WWII?

 * WWI and the treaty of versailles led to WWII because first of all the U.S. did not not sign the treaty and there were other conflicts still unresolved.